-
概述 当我们测试返回_Optional_对象的方法时,我们可能需要编写断言来检查_Optional_是否具有值,或者检查其内部的值。
在这个简短的教程中,我们将看看如何使用来自JUnit和AssertJ的函数来编写这些断言。
-
测试Optional是否为空或非空 如果我们只需要找出_Optional_是否有值,我们可以对_isPresent_或_isEmpty_进行断言。
2.1 测试_Optional_具有值
如果一个_Optional_有值,我们可以对_Optional.isPresent_进行断言:
assertTrue(optional.isPresent());然而,AssertJ库提供了一种更流畅的表达方式:
assertThat(optional).isNotEmpty();2.2 测试Optional为空
当使用JUnit时,我们可以反转逻辑:
assertFalse(optional.isPresent());此外,从Java 11开始,我们可以使用_Optional.isEmpty_:
assertTrue(optional.isEmpty());然而,AssertJ也为我们提供了一个整洁的替代方案:
assertThat(optional).isEmpty(); -
测试_Optional_的值 通常我们想要测试_Optional_内部的值,而不仅仅是存在或不存在。
3.1 使用_JUnit_断言
我们可以使用_Optional.get_来提供值,然后在该值上编写断言:
Optional``````<String>`````` optional = Optional.of("SOMEVALUE"); assertEquals("SOMEVALUE", optional.get());然而,使用_get_可能会引发异常,这使得测试失败更难理解。因此,我们可能更倾向于首先断言值是否存在:
assertTrue(optional.isPresent()); assertEquals("SOMEVALUE", optional.get());然而,_Optional_支持equals方法,所以我们可以使用一个具有正确值的_Optional_作为一般等式断言的一部分:
Optional``````<String>`````` expected = Optional.of("SOMEVALUE"); Optional``````<String>`````` actual = Optional.of("SOMEVALUE"); assertEquals(expected, actual);3.2 使用_AssertJ_
使用AssertJ,我们可以使用_hasValue_流畅的断言:
assertThat(Optional.of("SOMEVALUE")).hasValue("SOMEVALUE"); -
结论 在这篇文章中,我们探讨了几种测试_Optional_的方法。
我们看到了如何使用内置的JUnit断言与_isPresent_和_get_。我们还看到了_Optional.equals_如何为我们的断言提供了一种比较_Optional_对象的方法。
最后,我们看到了AssertJ断言,它为我们提供了一种流畅的语言来检查我们的_Optional_值。
正如往常一样,本文中呈现的代码可以在GitHub上找到。--- date: 2022-04-01 category:
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- 文本提取1
- Easter1
- Symmetric Substring1
- 最小元素1
- URL Redirection1
- Second Smallest1
- Java 流1
- Table Not Found1
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- Apache Avro1
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- MockMVC1
- Sequence1
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- Response Body1
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- get1
- WebAssembly1
- java.sql.Timestamp1
- XML to PDF1
- Apache FOP1
- EOFException1
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- Elvis Operator1
- Interceptor1
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- 并行处理1
- Pair1
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- 组合1
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- Compression1
- Archiving1
- Brave1
- Zipkin1
- 分布式追踪1
- DuckDB1
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- Java 221
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- SSH1
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- 无符号字节1
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- Infer1
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大约 4 分钟